The Criminal Court said ruling-party MP Korkaew Pikulthong had broken his bail terms in July by inciting "unrest and chaos" when he threatened judges not to rule against the government on a key constitutional amendment.
Korkaew -- one of several Red Shirts who won a seat in last year's elections that swept ousted former premier Thaksin Shinawatra's political allies to power -- was taken to Bangkok Remand Prison after the hearing.
He is among 24 Red Shirt leaders due to go on trial next month for their roles in the 2010 rallies, which at their height drew around 100,000 people, mostly Thaksin supporters.
The accused, who include five current lawmakers, in theory could face the death penalty.
The trial is expected to be long as hearings can only be held when parliament is not in session since sitting lawmakers have immunity.
More than 90 people, mostly civilians, were killed and nearly 1,900 were wounded in a series of street clashes during the 2010 protests as well as an ensuing military crackdown.